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At the 2025 Indonesia Mining Conference & Critical Metals Conference - Coal Industry Conference, hosted by SMM Information & Technology Co., Ltd. (SMM), supported by the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs as a government supporter, and co-organized by the Association of Indonesian Nickel Miners (APNI), the Jakarta Futures Exchange, and China Coal Resource, Vasudev Pamnani, Director of I-Energy Natural Resources, analyzed the Indian coal market situation (special topic on the Asian market). India's coal mining history dates back over 250 years, originating in the eastern region. • India holds 378.21 billion tons of coal reserves, making it one of the world's largest coal reserve holders. • In 2024, India ranked second globally in coal consumption (1.3 billion tons), production (1.04 billion tons), and imports (268 million tons). • In the first four months of 2025, this momentum was largely maintained, with coal consumption reaching 492 million tons. • Domestic coal production during the same period reached 403 million tons, a 3% increase compared to the same period last year. • In contrast, import trends weakened, dropping to 88 million tons from January to April 2025, a 5% decrease from 93 million tons in the same period last year. • The main challenges facing India's coal imports are increased domestic production and supply, high inventories at power plants, mines, and ports, as well as the adverse impacts of weak global demand and global trade tensions. • The international market is also under pressure, with coal demand cooling in early 2025 due to macroeconomic instability. • Despite coal prices falling to multi-year lows, demand remained sluggish during India's summer peak electricity usage period. • The market remains fragile, but this does not signal the end of India's coal era. • Coal remains the backbone of India's power sector and will continue to be an important part of the country's energy framework in 2025.